Griffon Bruxellois

From Brussels stables to a companion breed

The small rough-coated Smousje of the Brussels area is the common ancestor described for the Griffon Bruxellois, Griffon Belge and Petit Brabancon. Guarding carriages and controlling stable rodents belonged to this earlier working life.

Nineteenth-century breeding included Pug and Ruby King Charles Spaniel influence. The FCI history records Brussels Griffons Topsy and Foxine entering the St Hubert stud book in 1883, followed by wider attention helped by Belgian royal interest. That story explains the family without merging its three modern breed entries.

The red rough-coated member of the family

The Griffon Bruxellois is FCI number 80. Its rough, undercoated jacket is red or reddish, with a little black permitted in the facial hair. The Griffon Belge shares the rough texture in different colours, while the Petit Brabancon has a short coat and a separate FCI number.

Watchful does not mean ready for everything

An alert little companion may notice household activity quickly and form close attachments. Those tendencies do not show how an individual will respond to a busy salon, being lifted or meeting unfamiliar people. Reward calm participation and keep introductions within the dog's comfort.

Small sessions for a furnished face

Beard and muzzle hair can collect food and moisture. Work gently, keep the eyes' surrounding hair comfortable and ask a groomer about tools suited to the actual jacket. Pain, persistent redness or breathing difficulty should be discussed with a vet rather than dismissed as part of the look.

Plan comfortable care

Our gentle coat-care guide and first grooming appointment guide help you prepare questions about handling, maintenance and a suitable service. This breed profile is independent of named businesses.

Photograph and sources

The photograph illustrates one Griffon Bruxellois. See the linked credit for its creator, source and reusable licence. It does not establish the dog's health, age or temperament.

Read the FCI catalogue entry and FCI breed standard. General care and handling guidance is available from PDSA and Dogs Trust.

Character and behaviour

The standard describes a balanced, alert and watchful companion, strongly attached to its owner. These are ideals rather than a guarantee about separation, strangers or grooming tolerance. Teach cooperative handling and judge each dog's confidence and preferences individually.

Breed descriptions are broad tendencies. An individual dog's behaviour also reflects experience, training and circumstances.

Care in daily life

Check facial hair for trapped food, gently maintain the body jacket and introduce foot handling on stable footing. Do not pull around the eyes or ignore redness, soreness or difficult breathing. A groomer can explain practical coat maintenance; persistent discomfort needs veterinary assessment.

Care depends on the individual dog. If you notice a skin or health problem, speak to a vet.